Raquel DonbatallaPer 4BoschCH 1: GODS Titans: Themis , Ocean, Mnemosyne, Cronus(Saturn), Prometheus, Atlas Who were the Titans? The first children. What happens to them? Lowered in standards. What characterizes the Golden Age? Peace, happiness, and perfection. Twelve Great Olympians: Zeus(Jupiter), Poseidon(Neptune), Hades(Pluto), Hestia(Vesta), Hera(Juno), Ares(Mars), Athena(Minerva), Apollo, Aphrodite(Venus), Hermes(Mercury), Artemis(Diana), Hephaestus(Vulcan). Key Terms: Mount Olympus, Seasons, ambrosia, nectar Zeus: How does Zeus gain power? Overthrowing Cronus. Why is he depicted as having so many extramarital affairs? Formed many gods. Who is even stronger than Zeus? Fate. Where is his oracle? Land of Oak Trees. How does it work? Leaves rustle. What are some of the objects associated with him? Eagle and oak. What is the aegis? Breast plate. Hera: Who is she and whom does she protect on earth? Zeus’s wife and married women. Who is Ilithyia? Daughter of hera. What city/bird/animal are associated with her? Argos, cow, peacock. How would you describe her relationship with her husband? Nonexistent. Poseidon: What does he rule? Ocean. Who is his wife? Amphitrite. Where does he live? Olympus and under the sea. What animal does he give to mankind? Horse. What(besides Neptune) is he frequently called? Earth Shaker. What is the trident? Three pronged spear. Hades: What does Pluto mean? God of Wealth. Who and what is he king of? The Dead and Underworld. What does his famous cap do to whoever wears it? Invisibility. Who is his wife? Persephone. How would you describe his personality? Malicious. Pallas Athena: Who were her parents? Zeus. Over whom is she the protector? Civilized life, handicrafts, and agriculture. What did she invent? Bridle. What words are frequently used to describe her? Gray-eyed. What was her relationship like with Zeus? The favorite child. What does Parthenos mean? Chief name of the three virgin goddesses. Where is the Parthenon? Athens. What is her bird/tree/city? Owl, olive, and Athens. Phoebus Apollo: Who were his parents? Zeus and Leto. Where was he born? Delos. What instrument does he play? Gold lyre. What did he first teach men? Healing art. Of what is he the god? Archer, truth, and light. Where was his oracle? Delphi. What (besides the oracle) is so special about the site? Tells the truth. How does the oracle work? Priestess translates. What is a tripod? Three legged stool. Who was Python? A serpant. What does Phoebus mean? Brilliant and shinning. What is his tree/animal? Dolphin and laurel. Artemis: What is she also called (besides Diana)? Cynthia. Who are her parents? Zeus and Leto. Who are the three maiden goddesses? Aphrodite, Athena and Artemis. Describe her personality. Loves the wild and a chief huntswoman. What does she love to do? Hunt. What is her connection to the moon? Associated with the Darkness. Who is Hecate? Goddess of the Dark of the Moon. What animal/tree is sacred to her? Cypress and the deer. Aphrodite: Of what is she the goddess? Love and beauty. How is she born? Foam of the Sea. Who is her husband? Hephaestus. What are her tree/birds? Myrtle, sparrow, dove, and swan. How would you characterize her personality? Vain and a little weak. Hermes: Who are his parents? Zeus and Maia. What does he look like? Sandals with wings, magic wand, and crowned hat. What is his magic wand called? Cadnces. What does he invent? Lyre. Describe his personality. Cunning and a bit of a thief. Of what is he the god? Commerce and market. What is his function for the realm of the dead? Escorts souls. Ares: Who are his parents? Zeus and Hera. Of what is he the god? War. What is his personality like? Coward and hostile. Who are his companions on the battlefield? Eris, Strife, Enyo, Terror, Trembling and Panic. Why are their names apt? Represents thoughts of war. Who is his bird/animal? Vulture. With whom does he have an illicit affair? Hephaestus. Hephaestus: What makes him different from the other gods? Born deformed and cast from Olympus. Who are his parents? Zeus and Hera. What is his job? Builds armor and is a smith. Who is his wife? Aglaia. Who helps him in his tasks? Handmaidens of gold. What is his relationship to volcanoes? Forges underneath them. Whom does he protect on earth? Smiths. Hestia: Of what is she goddess? Hearth. How does she fit into the Olympian family? Sister of Zeus. What is her role in founding colonies? People carry coals from one hearth to another. What are the priestesses called whom guard her flame in Rome? Protector of the Smiths. The Lesser Gods of OlympusEros: Of what is he the god? Love. What is his relationship to Aphrodite? Son or companion. How is he frequently represented? Blindfolded. Who are his attendants, and what do their names mean? Anteros-opposes love, Himeros-strong desire and Hymen the God of the Wedding Feasts. Hebe: Of what is she goddess? Youth. Who were her parents? Zeus and Hera. Who does she marry? Hercules. What is her office at Olympus? Cupbearer. Who is Ganymede? Trojan prince. Iris: Of what is she goddess? Rainbow. What is her job? Messenger. The Graces: How many are there? Three. What do their names mean? Aglaia-splendor, Euphrosyne-mirth, and Thalia-good cheer What would they do at banquets? Dance in an enchanting manner. Could one go on vacation without the others? No. Muses: How many? No. Who are their parents? Zeus and Mnemosyne. What are their names and their particular fields? Clio-history, Urania- astronomy, Melpomene- tragedy, Terpsichore- dance, Calliope- epic poetry, Erato- love poetry, Polyhymnia- Songs of the Gods, Euterpe- lyric poetry. Who are Themis, Dike, Nemesis, and Aidos? Zeus' creations from being lofty. The Gods of the Waters 1. Who was Poseidon? Ruler of Sea and Underground rivers. 2. Who is Triton? Trumpeter of the Sea. Who are his parents? Poseidon and Amphitrite. With what object is he associated? Great Shell. 3. What are Proteus’ two useful powers? Foretelling and changing shape at will. 4. Who are the Naiads? Water Nymphs. How do they differ from the Nereids? In streams versus the sea. The Underworld1. Names to know: Hades, Persephone, Charon, Cerberus, Styx, Lethe, Elysian Fields, Asphodel. 2. What kind of mood exits in Hades? Dark. How is it set up? Levels of good and evil. What is the role of the three judges? Pass sentence, send bad to everlasting torment and good to Elysian Fields. 3. Who are the Furies(the Erinyes)? Punishers of evil-doers. Through what gate do true dreams come? One of Horn. The Lesser Gods of Earth 1. Of what are Demeter and Dionysus, respectively, goddess and god? Corn and wine. 2. Pan: Who is his father? Hermes. He’s part animal—which animal? Goat. Where does he live? Wild places. What instrument does he play? Pipes of reed. How would you characterize his luck with the ladies? Major rejection. What is the relationship between him and our word “panic”? He creates the noises that make others feel this. Describe his personality. Noisy. 3. Silenus: What animal does he ride and why? Donkey from his constant drunkenness. Whom does he teach? Bacchus. What does he resemble in looks? Young Wine. 4. The Sileni: Describe them. Part man and horse. 5. The Satyrs, Dryads, or Hamadryads: Who/What are they? Satyrs- goat men, Dryads-nymphs of the mountain, and Hamadryads- nymph of trees. Where do they gather? Wild places. Describe their appearance. Satyr's- ugly, Dryads- lovely maidens, Hamadryads-forms. 6. Aeolus: Of what is he king? Wind. What are the Greek names of the four chief winds and their direction? Aquilo-North, Favonius- West, Auster-South, Eurus- East. 7. Chiron: What type of creature is he? Centaur. What would he look like? Half man, half horse. For what is he known? Goodness and wisdom. 8. Gorgons: What did they look like? Dragon like with wings. 9. The Graiae: What is unusual about this trio of old women? Share one eye. 10. The Sirens: For what are they infamous? Luring sailors through song. 11. The Fates: What is their Greek name? Moirae. What do they do? Assigned to no abode. What is the meaning of Clotho, Lachesis, and Atropos’ names and how do they reflect their duties? Clotho (the spinner)- spun thread of life, Lachesis (Disposer of lots)- assigned each person's destiny, Atropos (cuts)- Cuts the thread at death. Study Guide for Chapter Two: The Two Great Gods of Earth Do you agree with Hamilton’s condemnation of the Greek Pantheon as mostly “harmful and capricious” in the first paragraph of this chapter? Yes, throughout all the myths, humans are shown how envious some of the gods could be without even a just cause more times then naught. Demeter: Of what is she goddess? Corn. Why does Hamilton argue that Demeter has to be a woman? Planting, sowing, and harvesting is a woman’s job. When is her chief festival? September. Why do we not know more about the Eleusinian Mysteries? They were kept secretive.Homeric Hymn to Demeter and a study Guide to Demeter’s Hymn Who is Persephone? Demeter’s daughter. Where does she go? The Underworld with Hades. How does Demeter react to her disappearance? With anger and sorrow. Why does she disguise herself? So no one knows her. How does Demeter try to give Demophoon immortal youth? Places him in the heart of a fire at night. Why isn’t she successful? His mother is enraged at this. How does Demeter suggest Eleusis can win back her good graces? Building a temple. What effect does Demeter’s grief have on the earth? Completely barren. Why does Zeus pull rank on Hades and force him to return Persephone? Men on earth were nearly dying. What is the importance of the pomegranate? The seed. What sad message does Rhea bring to Demeter? She can only return for 4 months. Dionysus: Of what is he god? Vines. Why does Hamilton call Dionysus and Demeter “suffering gods”? Both are afflicted with an annual pain in winter. Homeric Hymn to Dionysus and Study Guide Who are Dionysus’s parents? Zeus and Semele. What awful fate befalls his mother? Burnt by Zeus’s glory. Why does Zeus have to uphold his promise? Made by Styx River. What is unusual about his birth? Born of fire. Why is Dionysus’s birth of fire and childhood of rain appropriate for his function as god of the vine? Warms the vine and waters it. Why do the pirates kidnap Dionysus? Think he’s of nobility. How does Dionysus exhibit his divinity to the pirates? Vines grow over the ship and wine pours down the floor. What fate do the pirates suffer? Turned into dolphins. Who are the Maenads or Bacchantes? Wild women. What do they look like? Carry pine cone wands with wild hair. How do the followers of Dionysus differ in their worship from the attendees of the other gods? Worship outside. What are the two ideas present in the worship of this god? Freedom and ecstatic joy, and savage brutality. Why does Dionysus return to Thebes? Find more worshipers. Who is Pentheus? His cousin. Why does he ignore the advice of Tiresias and the band of soldiers? He doesn’t believe them. What awful fate does Pentheus experience? Ripped apart by limbs. Why do you think Dionysus encouraged his demise? Prove a point. What, besides visticulture, is Dionysus’ greatest gift to the world? Banishing of fear. Where is his festival celebrated? A theatre. What does the ceremony entail? A play. Why and how does Dionysus die every year? Dies in winter with death of vines and pruned.CH3What is the “world” like before the gods came on the scene? Confusion and dark. Night and Erebus are the two children of Chaos. Who is their child? Love. How is that child conceived? Wind-born egg. Why is this child so important for later developments? Creates Life and friend Day. What is Hamilton’s theory about the personification of the Earth and Heaven? Gives off a human likeness. Why does that personification blossom with the introduction of later figures? They revolve one another. Who are the first creatures to have the appearance of life? Monsters. Who comes next? Titans. How are they different than the monsters? Titans aren’t purely destructive. Who injures Heaven? Cronus. How and why? From maltreatment by Heaven and with a striking blow. What spring from the blood of the injured Heaven? Furies and Giants. Why does Zeus eventually overthrow Cronus? Fate. How does Rhea fool Cronus? Passed a rock as Zeus. How does Zeus rescue his siblings? Help from Earth. What happens to the stone that fools Cronus? Swallowed into Earth. Who helps Cronus in the war? Titans. Who are Zeus’ allies? Five siblings. How does Zeus’ punish his enemies after they lose? Bound in the earth. Who is Atlas and what is his fate? Prometheus’s brother and to hold weight of world. Who then must Zeus fight to become undisputed world champion? Typhoon. Hamilton describes what the world is like after the destruction of the Titans and Giants. Get a good picture of the geography of the pre-human world. If you’re confused, try to sketch a map. Who are the Cimmerians? Poor things that live in darkness. The Hyperboreans? Rich and live in far North. Where is the realm of the dead? West. How was man created? Ideas from gods. What do Prometheus’ and Epimetheus’ names mean, and why are they apt? Pro=forethought and Epi=afterthought. Each god easily reveals this through his manners. Why is Epimetheus a dunderhead? Gives all gifts to animals. How does Prometheus come to man’s aid? Gives them fire and stand on two legs. Describe the various ages of man, starting with gold and ending with iron. How are the men like the metal that gives their age its name? Gold- Like gods, good, and rich. Silver- Not intelligent and hurt others. Brass- Terrible, strong and love war. Iron- Evil times, worship power. The men represent the strength and quality of their given metal name. What two gripes does Zeus have against Prometheus? Women weren’t created and bad meat for the gods. How does Zeus get revenge? Creates Pandora. What does Pandora’s name mean and why it apt? “The gift of all” and she represents the downfall of all men. Hamilton calls Pandora a “beautiful disaster.” Do you agree? Why/why not? Yes, because she is what causes the complete destruction of men. What is in Pandora’s infamous box? Plagues and sorrow. Why does she open it? Curiosity. What is the result? Widespread disaster to earth. What does not come screeching out of the box, and why is it appropriate for hope to remain? Hope remains in the box and it helps give men something to look towards, as well as a reminder of Zeus’s power. How does Zeus personally punish Prometheus for helping mankind? Bound to a large rock. What does Prometheus know that could help Zeus in the future? Who is to dethrone him. In light of the fate placed on Zeus, what do you think of his philandering? Completely useless and waste of time. How does Prometheus escape? Replaced by Chiron. CH 4 Europa 1. How does Zeus fall in love with Europa? A shaft from the Goddess of Love. 2. What does Zeus change himself into when he appears before Europa? A bull. 3. Where does Zeus take Europa after they cross the sea? Crete. The Cyclops Polyphemus1. Who lands his boat on the Cyclop’s land? Odysseus. 2. How does Odysseus damage Polyphemus’s eye? Heated wooden spike. 3. Who is Polyphemus’s father? Poseidon. 4. With whom does Polyphemus fall in love? Galetea. Flower Myths Whis it natural for flowers to be connected with the gods? Both hold majestic beauty. Narcussus 1. How does Zeus use the narcissus flower to help Hades lure Persephone? He knew she’d like them. 2. Why does Hera punish Echo? Zeus fancies her. 3. What happens to Echo after she is rejected by Narcissus? Hides in caves. 4. How does she punish her? To repeat what others say. 5. How does Nemesis punish Narcissus? Vanity. 6. How does death set Narcissus free? No more longing for oneself. 7. What happens to Narcissus’s body after he dies? Blooms into flowers. Hyacinthus 1. How does Hyacinthus die? Villagers. 2. What happens to Hyachinthus after he dies? Blooms into flowers. Adonis 1. What is the name of Adonis’s flower? Anemone. 2. With which two goddesses does Adonis split his time? Aphrodite and Persephone. 3. What seasons does he spend with each? Aphrodite-spring and summer, Persephone-autumn and winter. 4. How does Adonis die? Boar.CH 5 Cupid & Psyche1. Why is venus, so jealous of psyche? Because of her beauty.2.what does venus tell her son cupid to do? Make psyche fall in love with the vilest looking creature in the world.3. How does psyche feel about going to her destined husband? How does the rest of her family feel? Why? She is not happy. They are sad.4.Where is psyche taken when she goes to the hilltop? What is surprising about the atmosphere and the way that she is treated? To a meadow; it is beautiful there and she is treated nicely.5. How do psyche’s sister react when they visit her and see all he of her wealth? They are jealous.6. What is significant about the story they make up about her husband?7.what is the plan that psyche carries out one evening? Why is she shocked at her findings? She planned to kill her husband; she found out that it was cupid.8.who does her husband turn out to be, and what does he do/say when he sees her? Cupid; he leaves and says that there could be no love if there is no trust.9.psyche searches everywhere for her husband. Where does she finally find him and what is he doing there? At his mothers house;10. What are the 4 things that venus makes psyche do out of bitteness and envy?how does psyche manage to accomplish them? Does her story at this remind you of any others you might have read? Made her divide up seeds, fetch shining wool, fill a flask with water from the river styx, box of beauty. She had help11. Why does psyche open the box of beauty, and what happens when she does? couldn’t resist temptation; she falls asleep.12.How and why does psyche become immortal? Jupiter makes her immortal because she is forever married to cupid.13 Is venus satisfied with this situation? Why or why not? Yes, because up in heaven psyche would have to take care of her husband and children and she couldn’t be looked at by men on earth.14. What does the name psyche mean? love and the soul.CH6: 8 brief tales of loversOrpheus and Eurydice: At what is Orpheus skilled? After Orpheus and Eurydice are married, what happens to Eurydice? How does this happen? Where does Orpheus decide to go? What does Orpheus ask? What are the conditions of the agreement? What happens when Orpheus breaks the condition? Music; a viper stung her and killed her’ the underworld; to have his wife back; that he doesn’t look back; Eurydice is taken back to the under world.Pgmalion and galatea: at what is Pygmalion skilled? What does Pygmalion hate? Of what does he make a staute, how does he feel about it? Why? What god/goddess helps Pygmalion? What does Pygmalion ask of the god/goddess? Why does Pygmalion think something favorable will happen? What does he find when he goes home? Whom does Pygmalion marry? Sculptor; woman hater; a statue of a woman, he disapproves of it; venus; if she could find him a maiden like the statue he made; because a flame jumped 3 times; the statue; the statue.CH 7 Jason and the Argonauts1.who is the king of Greece? What is the state of his marrige? athamas; married.2.how does Ino plan to get rid of the kings children? How is her plan thwarted? To cause starvation and make the king kill the boy; Hemes stopped them.3.what happens to phrixus? How does he thank the gods and the king? He sacrifices a ram.4. Who is Jason? What has he set out to do? Who is philias? On what terms will philias give Jason his kingdom? The kings son. Claim the kingdom form his wicked cousin. Bring back the golden fleece.5. Who joins Jason on his journey? Which god protects them? What is the name of the ship? Hercules; hera; argo.6.What is lemons and who are the people living there? What happens to Hercules? An island only women; he was taken to the depths of the ocean by water nymph.7. Who were that harpies? Who was phineus? how is he punished? How do Jason and his companions help him? Flying creatures w/ hooked beaks and claws. An oracle; abandoned on an island w/ no food; gave him food.8. Who are the Amazons? The daughters of harmony.9. What does hera ask Aphrodite to do? Why? What is cupid told to do? How does this affect medea? To help Jason; because he and the Argonauts were in danger; shoot her w/ one of his arrows; she falls in love with Jason.10. For what does Jason ask king aeetes, and what is his response? Asks for the fleece; he said he would give it to no man less brave than him11.what is the trial the king give Jason? How and why does medea help him? For what is the rock? Conquer the bulls and the dragon teeth men; used her magic because she loves him;12. What guards the fleece? A serpent.13. What goddess continues to take care of the Argonauts on their return trip? Hera14. What is the situation when Jason returns the fleece? His father had died.15. What does medea trick pelias’s daughter into doing?16.who does medea find caused her to fall for Jason? How does she react?18. What does medea give to Jason’s bride? What happens to her? Deadly drugs; she dies19. What does medea do after the murder? What is Jason’s response? Killed her sons and then was taken away by a chariot pulled by dragons. He cursed herCH 8 Four great adventures1.who is phaeton’s mother? A mortal2.why does phaethon seek out the sun god? To see if he is his father.3.what does phaethon ask to do? Why is the sun reluctant to allow this request? Take the suns thrown just for a day. Because he sticks to his oaths.4. Describe the route the sun travels daily. What is the road like? What do the horses realize? How do they react? It rises form the sea steeply, then high to the heavens, then comes down. That their master is not at the reins. They control the chariot.6. What happens to the world during phaeton’s ride? What does mother earth request? How does jove react? What happens to phaethon? Created a fiery furnace; that they stop him; seized a thunderbolt and hurled it at the driver. He died.Pegasus and bellerophon1. Who is glaucus? How does he bring the wrath of the gods upon himself? What is his fate? Kind of Corinth. He betrayed a secret of zeus. His horses tore him to pieces and devoured him.2. Who is rumored to be bellerophon’s father? Who is his mother? Why does it seem likely he is the son of a god? Poseidon. Eurynome; he was taught by Athena.3. What does bellerophon want? Who is polyidus? What does he advise bellerophon to do? He wanted Pegasus; he’s a seer; tells him to go to athenas temple4. What is bellerophon given so he can gain Pegasus? Who give it to him? A bridle made of all gold. Athena.5. Why does Ateia want her husband to kill bellerophon? Why will he not do so? What does he do instead? Because bellerophon turned from her. bellerophon ate his table; made up a plan to have him killed.6. What does the letter to the king of lycia read? What does the king do in response? It says that bellerophon is to be killed. He does nothing.7. Name 3 great being bellerophon conquered. Solymi, amazons, and proetus.8.Did bellerophon and proetus ever reconcile? How? Yes. By marrying proetus daughter.9. What eventually causes the beginning of bellerophones demise? How does he die? His notion that he could sit with the immortals. By devouring his own soul.10 what happens to Pegasus after bellerophon’s death? Became a steed of zeus.*Daedalus1.What is Daedulus’ profession? What famous object does he build? Architect; built the labyrinth for the minotaur in crete.2.Who is Daedalus’ son? Icarus3.Why does King Minos imprison Daedulus and his son? He thought that Daedalus and his son helped the Athenians find their way out.4.How does Daedulus and his son escape? Daedulus made two pairs of wings and the flew away.5.Of what does Daedulus warn his son? What happens when his son does not heed this warning? Warns him to stay the middle course; if he too high the sun might have melt the glue and the wings would drop off.6. To where does Daedulus flee? Sicily.7. How does King minos know where he is? He made a plan that would draw Daedulus out of hiding.8. What happened to Minos? He was slain.CH 9. Perseus1.What does the priestess tell King Acrisius about his daughter, Danae? Her son would kill him.2.Why does Acrisius refuse to kill his daughter? His fatherly affection was too strong.3.Who visits Danae in her chamber? In what form? Zeus; In the form of a shower of gold.4.*Who is Perseus? Danae’s son.5. What does Acrisius do to make sure that his grandson will not kill him? Puts Danae and Perseus in a great chest and had them cast to sea.6. Who discovers Danae and Perseus? What does he do with them? A fisherman; lets them live with his family.7.Why does Polydectes want to kill Perseus? What is his plan? He loves Danae but not Perseus; Wants Perseus to kill medusa.8.* What happens to anyone who lays eyes on Medusa? They turn to stone.9.What is Hermes’ plan to find the way to the nymphs of the north? Have Perseus hide while he leads the 3 gray women to him and once one of them removes their eyes, perseus must grab it and keep it until the 3 women tell him how to reach the nymphs of the north.10. What does Hermes give to Perseus? Why is it special? A sword; it can’t be bent or broken by the gorgons scales.11.What does Athena give Perseus? How will it help him/ a shield; he can use it as a mirror so he can look at the gorgon while he attacks.12. What gifts do the Hyperboreans give to perseus? Winged sandals, a magic wallet, and cap that makes whoever wears it invisible.13. What do the 3 Gorgons look like? Why can only perseus kill Medusa? They have bodies covered with golden scales, great wings, and hair made of snakes; she alone out of the 3 could be killed.14. Why is Andromeda being punished? What is her punishment? She boasted about more beautiful than the daughters of Nereus, the sea God; her punishment is to be chained and await the monster that devoured the Ethiopians.15. What does perseus do to the great snake? Why? He cuts the snakes head off; because he wanted to marry Andromeda.16.What happens when perseus enters the banquet? Shows the head of the gorgon to all of the men there and they instantly turn to stone.17.What becomes of Acrisius? Dies from a discus.18. Who keeps Medusa’s head? What does she do with it? Athena keeps it; she carries it on her shield.19. Who is Electryon? Son of Perseus and Andromeda. (Grandfather of Hercules).CH10: Theseus1.What are the terms for theseus to receive his father’s gifts? Roll away the stone and get the things beneath it, then go to Athens to claim Aegeus as his father.2.Why does theseus not want to travel by sea? Who is his role model? What is his relationship to him? Considered it a flight from danger. His role model is Hercules; they are cousins.3.What are thesis’s ideas of dealing with justice? When he arrives at Athens, why is he acknowledged hero? “what each had don’t to othes theseus did to him; because he cleared the land of these banes to travelers.4.Why does the King want to poison Theseus? Whose original plan was it? Why? Does theseus become poisoned? Because he was afraid that theseus might want to dethrown him;5. *why does minos demand 14 youths and maidens? What/who is minotaur? What happens to thesee youths? What are thesis’s true intentions in offering himself? A sacrafice to the minotaur; it is a half bull and half human; the youths were devoured by if they didn’t run; his intentions were to kill the minotaur.6.*Who is Ariadne? What happenes when she first sees theseus? Whom does she consult for help?what is his advice? How does theseus kill minotaur? Does Ariadne make it to Athens? Why? She is Minos daughter; She fell in love with Theseus; She consulted Daedalus; He kills the minotaur by beating him to death; No she didn’t because she was either left ashore or theseus deserted her.7.why does Theseus’s father kill himself? Who takes over Athens? Explain the new government in Athens. His son died; Theseus took over; new government was a common wealth.8.Who bears Thseus a son? What is the sons name? Hippolyta; Hippolytus.9. Who is thesis’s friend? Pirithous.10. *Who are the centaurs? What happens at the wedding? They are creatures that have the body of a horse and the chest and the face of a human; the centaurs got drunk and tried to take the women.11. Whom does theseus want to marry? Whom does pirituous want to marry? When the friends go to the underworld, who knows their plan? What is the fate of pirtihous? Of theseus? He wants to marry Helen; he wants to marry Persephone; his fate was to sit forever in the chair of forgetfulness; he was set free.12.whom does theseus marry? What is her relation to ariadne? He marries Phaedra. She is ariadne’s sister.13. Who falls in love with Hippolytus? Who is behind it? Why? Phaedra falls in love with him; Aphrodite was behind it; she was angry at Hippolytus.14 what happens when Hippolytus rejects Phaedra? What does Phaedra leave behind? What does it say? How does theseus react? What is Hippolytus’s fate? What does artemis tell theseus? She kills herself; she leaves a letter; that it was hippolytus’s fault that she died; he is mad; he is banished; he said that it wasn’t hippolytus’s fault for Phaedra’s death.15.After death of hippoolytus, where does theseus go? How does he die? He goes down the road that leads to the realm of death.CH11: Hercules1.* why does Hercules consider himself an equal to the gods? He’s the strongest man on earth and had supreme confidence.2. Who is Hercules wiling to fight to get an answer from the oracle? Apollo.3.*What is the only thing that can overcome Hercules? Supernatural powers.4. How does Hercules show a greatness of soul? Through his sorrow for wrong doing an willingness to do anything to get rid of it.5.Where is Hercules born? Who are Hercules’s mortal parents? Who is his biological father? Thebes; Amphityon and Alcaemna; Zeus.6.What does Hercules do when two snakes approach his crib? He grabs them by the throat and kills them.7.Whom does Hercules first kill by accident? His music master.8. Whom does Hercules first marry? What happens to him after he and his wife have 3 sons? What happens to them? Who causes this to happen? Princess megara; hera makes him mad; he kills his 3 sons and wife; hera does this.9. Who stops Hercules form trying to kill himself? Thebes.10.To whom does the priestess tell Hercules to go? Why? Eurystheus; because he would purge Hercules’s soul clean.11. How many labors does Hercules have to complete? Who helps Eurytheus devise these labors? 12 labors; hera helps.12 who is in love with the girl Hercules wants to marry? What happens to him? Who becomes Hercules’ wife? Achelous; he loses one of his horns.13. With whom does Hercules spend the night on his way to get the man-eating mares of diomedes? Admetus14.why does admetus’ wife die? Because she wanted admetus to live so she died for him.15.Why does Hercules bring alcestis back from the dead? Because he wanted to admetus to be happy again.16. What aspects of Hercules’ character are clearly evident in the story of admetus and alcestis, considering the ancient greeks prespective?17.Whose city does Hercules capture? Why?18. What does the man say to Deianira?19.what does the centaur nessus say his blood would do?20.what does deianira do when she hears what her gift had done to Hercules?21.whom does Hercules marry when he goes to heave?CH 12 Atlanta1. What does Atlanta’s father do to her when she is born?
CH 13Prologe: The Judgment of ParisWhat does Eris throw into the banqueting hall to cause trouble among the goddesses? Golden apple.Why? Jealousy for not being invited.What are the three things that Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite offer Paris? Hera-Lord of Europe and Asia, Athena-Lead Troy to victory, and Aphrodite-fairest maiden of all.Whom does Paris choose? Aphrodite.The Trojan War1. Who is the most beautiful woman in the world? Helen.Who is her biological father? Zeus.Who is chosen to be her husband? Menelaus.2. What does Paris do officially to spark the Trojan War? Steals Helen.Why do the chieftains of Greece help Menelaus against Troy? It’s their duty.Which two of the chieftains were missing at first? Achilles and Odysseus.Why? Achilles mother kept him from war while Odysseus pretended to go mad.3. Why is Artemis angry at the Greeks? Favorite hare was slain.What does she demand of them to calm the wind and ensure a safe voyage to Troy? Sacrifice of royal maiden.Do they do what she asks? Yes.4. Why is it brave for Protesilaus to be the first to leap ashore? First to leap, first to die..Who is the greatest of the Trojan warriors? Achilles. Of the Greek warriors? Hector. What does each of them know will happen to them before Troy is taken? Death.5. For how many years does victory go back and forth? Nine. What two Greeks have a fight that turns outcome in favor of the Trojans? Achilles and Agamemnon. What is the fight about? A woman.6. Which gods are on the side of the Trojans? Aphrodite, Ares, Apollo and Artemis. Which are on the side of the Greeks? Hera, Athena and Poseidon.7. What does Aphrodite do to protect Paris when he fights alone against Menelaus? Takes him away.What happens to keep the Greeks and Trojans from coming to an agreement? Athena and Hera’s interference.8. Who almost dies at the hand of Diomedes? Aeneas. Who tries to stop Diomedes? Aphrodite. Are they successful? Yes.9. How is Ares stopped when he is fighting for Hector with the Trojans? Speared. Does this loss hurt the Trojans? Yes. How do the Trojans try to fix it? Retreat.10. Why does Zeus leave Olympus and go to help the Trojans himself? Step in for Achilles absence.11. What nickname do the Trojans give Hector? Tamer of Horses.12. How doe the Greeks try to appease Achilles? Return of the maiden and more gifts.What is his response? No.13. What is Hera’s plan? Seduce Zeus with sleeping charms.Does it work? Yes.How does Hector escape harm? Aeneas. Who has been helping the Greeks against Zeus’ wishes? Poseidon. Who stops the Greeks from conquering Troy? Zeus. How? Pushes the Greeks back again.14. Who revives Hector? Apollo.To whom does Achilles give his armor and men? Patroclus. Why? He asks for his help and offers him these. What happens when Patroclus meets Hector face to face? Dies. Who gets Achilles’ armor? Hector.15. Why does Achilles enter the fight again? Avenge Patroclus’s death. Who makes his new armor? Hephaestus. Who is appointed by Zeus to die during this battle? Hector.16. Why does Hector not flee into Troy? Won’t leave his men. Who accompanies Achilles in battle? Athena. Why does Hector stop his flight around the walls of Troy? Finds an ally.Who does he think is his ally? Brother. Who is it really? Athena.What covenant does Hector try to make with Achilles? Return the other’s body to family.Does Achilles accept? No.17. Does Achilles succeed in killing Hector the first time he throws his spear? No.Who brings it back to him? Athena.Why doesn’t Hector’s spear kill Achilles? It’s magical.18. What does Achilles do with Hector’s body? Drag it around outside Troy’s gates.What three gods on Olympus do not mind the abuse of the dead? Athena, Hera and Poseidon. How does the King regain Hector’s body? Talks with Achilles. How many days do they mourn Hector? Nine. Describe the funeral. A great pyre is made for him where wine is split into the flames then the bones are placed into a gold urn with purple velvet.CH 141. Why did Apollo guide the arrow into Achille’s heel? To kill him.How had Achilles’ mother been careless? Missed the spot she was holding.2. What did Athena do to Ajax? Make him mad.When Ajax saw what he had done, what did he say? He felt bad about the animals.What did he do? Suicide.3. What did the prophet Helenus predict about the war? Troy would fall.4. When Paris was wounded, what did he request? To see Oenone.What happened to him and to Oenone? Died.5. What plan did Odysseus craft in order to infiltrate Troy? Be complete in your answer. Construct a large wooden horse and devised for one Greek to pretend he was a sacrifice for Athena, and to remain behind to be surrendered over to the Trojans and explain the horse. While this happened the rest of the Greeks would await on their ships on a distant island.6. What story does Sinon tell to the Trojans? He was the sacrifice but ran away.7. What happens to Laocoon and how does this affect the Trojan’s reaction? Eaten by a sea monster, Trojans then quickly accepted the horse.8. Describe the battle. What did some of the quick-witted Trojan’s do? Greeks ruthlessly killed everyone in their sight without giving them a chance to fight back. Smart Trojans wore dead Greek’s armor.9. What is Priam’s fate? Slain in front of family.10. Who was the only god(dess) to help the Trojan’s that day? Aphrodite.What happens to her son? Fled Troy.11. Identify Hecuba. Queen of Troy.How did the fall of her family mark the end of Troy? There was no one left to further the development on Troy, and all men were dead and could no longer defend her gates.CH 151. Which two gods are the Greek’s greatest allies? Poseidon and Athena.Why do these gods later punish them? Revenge for defeating Troy.2. What power does Apollo give to Cassandra? Foretelling future.Why does Apollo turn against her? Refuses his love.What is Cassandra’s fate? No one believes her.3. What happens to Agamemnon, Menelaus, and Ajax after they leave Troy? Agamemnon-near loss of ships, Menelaus-sent to Egypt, and Ajax-drowns.4. Which characteristic causes Ajax’s downfall? Arrogance.5. How long does Odysseus wander before he sees his home? Ten years.6. Who is Penelope? Odysseus’s wife.What task does she want to complete before she will marry any of her suitors? Weave a shirt.Why is the task never completed? Unwoven every Eve.7. Why does Athena favor Odysseus? His wit and shrewdness.Which god has no sympathy for Odysseus? Poseidon.8. Who is Telemachus? Odysseus’s son.What is his personality like? Sober, young, and dependable.9. What disguise does Athena take? Seafaring man..What does she instruct Telemachus to do? Journey to seek father’s whereabouts.10. Which two men most likely know something about Odysseus’ fate? Menelaus and Nestor.11. Whose form does Athena take the second time she appears to Telemachus? Mentor.12. To which god do Nestor and his sons offer a sacrifice? Poseidon.13. Why does Menelaus have to hold down Proteus? Receive his answers.Under what do he and his men hide? Seal skins.14. Which nymph keeps Odysseus? Calypso.15. Of what are Hermes’s sandals made? Imperishable gold.What powers are in his wand? Create slumber.16. Why does Calypso not want to free Odysseus? She saved his life and loves him.What does she make for Odysseus? Raft.17. Who spots Odysseus on the sea? Poseidon.Why does Odysseus not want to die in the storm? Wouldn’t be noble..Who helps Odysseus in the storm? Ino.What does she tell Odysseus to do? Wear her veil.Who calms the waves? Athena.18. To whom does the country (where Odysseus washes ashore) belong? Phaeacians.What is their way of life? Sailors.19. Who finds Odysseus in the trees? Nausicaa.What does she set out do to? Laundry.How doe she and her servants complete their work? Wash in a river and dance on them.What does she do for Odysseus? Send him to her mother.Why can’t she take him to her father herself? Would hint to them being together.Odysseus’ Tale at Court of the Phaeacians1. Ten days after leaving Troy, why does Odysseus have to tie down some of his men? Longing of staying there.2. Why is Poseidon angry with Odysseus? Was a Greek who defeated Troy.3. What does King Aeolus give Odysseus? Leather sack.What is in it? Storm Winds.Why does he give it to him? Assistance for sailing.What does his crew do to it? Open it.What happens as a result? Creates a tempest.4. Who destroys the whole fleet except for Odysseus’ ship? Cannibals.5. Who lives on Aeaea? Circe. What happens to Odysseus’ remaining crew? Turned to swine. How does Odysseus avoid their fate? Hears from a cowardly sailor. Who tells Odysseus how to save himself? Hermes. What eventually happens to the crew? Eaten.6. How is Odysseus told to get to the entrance to Hades? Breach Persephone’s ship.Whom is he supposed to consult? Teiresias. What is Odysseus supposed to do to make him come? Pit of sheep blood.7. To whose island is Odysseus to go next? Sirens.Who lives there, and why are they harmful? Sirens and their voices lead to sailors death.To avoid these people, what does Odysseus order the crew to do to themselves and himself? Wax in sailor’s ears while he is chained to a post.8. At the Island of the Sun, what are Odysseus and his crew not to do? Slay oxen.What does the crew do, and what happens to them? Slay and eat oxen and killed.9. What do the King of the Phaeacians and the chiefs give Odysseus before he leaves the island? Gifts and a ship.10. Where does Odysseus wake up? Ithaca. Who is disguised as a shepherd? Athena.As what does Athena disguise Odysseus? Beggar.11. Where does Telemachus go before going back to his house? Swineherd. Whom does he find there? Odysseus. What does Odysseus tell Telemachus to hide? Weapons of war.12. Who is Argos, and what does he do after he recognizes Odysseus? His dog, who dies.13. What does Odysseus tell Penelope when she calls for him? He met Odysseus.14. What two challenges does Penelope give the suitors? String and shoot a bow.Who completes the challenges? Odysseus.15. After the fight, whom does Odysseus spare? Priest’s bard.16. How does Odysseus finally prove himself to Penelope? A dance.
CH 13Prologe: The Judgment of ParisWhat does Eris throw into the banqueting hall to cause trouble among the goddesses? Golden apple.Why? Jealousy for not being invited.What are the three things that Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite offer Paris? Hera-Lord of Europe and Asia, Athena-Lead Troy to victory, and Aphrodite-fairest maiden of all.Whom does Paris choose? Aphrodite.The Trojan War1. Who is the most beautiful woman in the world? Helen.Who is her biological father? Zeus.Who is chosen to be her husband? Menelaus.2. What does Paris do officially to spark the Trojan War? Steals Helen.Why do the chieftains of Greece help Menelaus against Troy? It’s their duty.Which two of the chieftains were missing at first? Achilles and Odysseus.Why? Achilles mother kept him from war while Odysseus pretended to go mad.3. Why is Artemis angry at the Greeks? Favorite hare was slain.What does she demand of them to calm the wind and ensure a safe voyage to Troy? Sacrifice of royal maiden.Do they do what she asks? Yes.4. Why is it brave for Protesilaus to be the first to leap ashore? First to leap, first to die..Who is the greatest of the Trojan warriors? Achilles. Of the Greek warriors? Hector. What does each of them know will happen to them before Troy is taken? Death.5. For how many years does victory go back and forth? Nine. What two Greeks have a fight that turns outcome in favor of the Trojans? Achilles and Agamemnon. What is the fight about? A woman.6. Which gods are on the side of the Trojans? Aphrodite, Ares, Apollo and Artemis. Which are on the side of the Greeks? Hera, Athena and Poseidon.7. What does Aphrodite do to protect Paris when he fights alone against Menelaus? Takes him away.What happens to keep the Greeks and Trojans from coming to an agreement? Athena and Hera’s interference.8. Who almost dies at the hand of Diomedes? Aeneas. Who tries to stop Diomedes? Aphrodite. Are they successful? Yes.9. How is Ares stopped when he is fighting for Hector with the Trojans? Speared. Does this loss hurt the Trojans? Yes. How do the Trojans try to fix it? Retreat.10. Why does Zeus leave Olympus and go to help the Trojans himself? Step in for Achilles absence.11. What nickname do the Trojans give Hector? Tamer of Horses.12. How doe the Greeks try to appease Achilles? Return of the maiden and more gifts.What is his response? No.13. What is Hera’s plan? Seduce Zeus with sleeping charms.Does it work? Yes.How does Hector escape harm? Aeneas. Who has been helping the Greeks against Zeus’ wishes? Poseidon. Who stops the Greeks from conquering Troy? Zeus. How? Pushes the Greeks back again.14. Who revives Hector? Apollo.To whom does Achilles give his armor and men? Patroclus. Why? He asks for his help and offers him these. What happens when Patroclus meets Hector face to face? Dies. Who gets Achilles’ armor? Hector.15. Why does Achilles enter the fight again? Avenge Patroclus’s death. Who makes his new armor? Hephaestus. Who is appointed by Zeus to die during this battle? Hector.16. Why does Hector not flee into Troy? Won’t leave his men. Who accompanies Achilles in battle? Athena. Why does Hector stop his flight around the walls of Troy? Finds an ally.Who does he think is his ally? Brother. Who is it really? Athena.What covenant does Hector try to make with Achilles? Return the other’s body to family.Does Achilles accept? No.17. Does Achilles succeed in killing Hector the first time he throws his spear? No.Who brings it back to him? Athena.Why doesn’t Hector’s spear kill Achilles? It’s magical.18. What does Achilles do with Hector’s body? Drag it around outside Troy’s gates.What three gods on Olympus do not mind the abuse of the dead? Athena, Hera and Poseidon. How does the King regain Hector’s body? Talks with Achilles. How many days do they mourn Hector? Nine. Describe the funeral. A great pyre is made for him where wine is split into the flames then the bones are placed into a gold urn with purple velvet.CH 141. Why did Apollo guide the arrow into Achille’s heel? To kill him.How had Achilles’ mother been careless? Missed the spot she was holding.2. What did Athena do to Ajax? Make him mad.When Ajax saw what he had done, what did he say? He felt bad about the animals.What did he do? Suicide.3. What did the prophet Helenus predict about the war? Troy would fall.4. When Paris was wounded, what did he request? To see Oenone.What happened to him and to Oenone? Died.5. What plan did Odysseus craft in order to infiltrate Troy? Be complete in your answer. Construct a large wooden horse and devised for one Greek to pretend he was a sacrifice for Athena, and to remain behind to be surrendered over to the Trojans and explain the horse. While this happened the rest of the Greeks would await on their ships on a distant island.6. What story does Sinon tell to the Trojans? He was the sacrifice but ran away.7. What happens to Laocoon and how does this affect the Trojan’s reaction? Eaten by a sea monster, Trojans then quickly accepted the horse.8. Describe the battle. What did some of the quick-witted Trojan’s do? Greeks ruthlessly killed everyone in their sight without giving them a chance to fight back. Smart Trojans wore dead Greek’s armor.9. What is Priam’s fate? Slain in front of family.10. Who was the only god(dess) to help the Trojan’s that day? Aphrodite.What happens to her son? Fled Troy.11. Identify Hecuba. Queen of Troy.How did the fall of her family mark the end of Troy? There was no one left to further the development on Troy, and all men were dead and could no longer defend her gates.CH 151. Which two gods are the Greek’s greatest allies? Poseidon and Athena.Why do these gods later punish them? Revenge for defeating Troy.2. What power does Apollo give to Cassandra? Foretelling future.Why does Apollo turn against her? Refuses his love.What is Cassandra’s fate? No one believes her.3. What happens to Agamemnon, Menelaus, and Ajax after they leave Troy? Agamemnon-near loss of ships, Menelaus-sent to Egypt, and Ajax-drowns.4. Which characteristic causes Ajax’s downfall? Arrogance.5. How long does Odysseus wander before he sees his home? Ten years.6. Who is Penelope? Odysseus’s wife.What task does she want to complete before she will marry any of her suitors? Weave a shirt.Why is the task never completed? Unwoven every Eve.7. Why does Athena favor Odysseus? His wit and shrewdness.Which god has no sympathy for Odysseus? Poseidon.8. Who is Telemachus? Odysseus’s son.What is his personality like? Sober, young, and dependable.9. What disguise does Athena take? Seafaring man..What does she instruct Telemachus to do? Journey to seek father’s whereabouts.10. Which two men most likely know something about Odysseus’ fate? Menelaus and Nestor.11. Whose form does Athena take the second time she appears to Telemachus? Mentor.12. To which god do Nestor and his sons offer a sacrifice? Poseidon.13. Why does Menelaus have to hold down Proteus? Receive his answers.Under what do he and his men hide? Seal skins.14. Which nymph keeps Odysseus? Calypso.15. Of what are Hermes’s sandals made? Imperishable gold.What powers are in his wand? Create slumber.16. Why does Calypso not want to free Odysseus? She saved his life and loves him.What does she make for Odysseus? Raft.17. Who spots Odysseus on the sea? Poseidon.Why does Odysseus not want to die in the storm? Wouldn’t be noble..Who helps Odysseus in the storm? Ino.What does she tell Odysseus to do? Wear her veil.Who calms the waves? Athena.18. To whom does the country (where Odysseus washes ashore) belong? Phaeacians.What is their way of life? Sailors.19. Who finds Odysseus in the trees? Nausicaa.What does she set out do to? Laundry.How doe she and her servants complete their work? Wash in a river and dance on them.What does she do for Odysseus? Send him to her mother.Why can’t she take him to her father herself? Would hint to them being together.Odysseus’ Tale at Court of the Phaeacians1. Ten days after leaving Troy, why does Odysseus have to tie down some of his men? Longing of staying there.2. Why is Poseidon angry with Odysseus? Was a Greek who defeated Troy.3. What does King Aeolus give Odysseus? Leather sack.What is in it? Storm Winds.Why does he give it to him? Assistance for sailing.What does his crew do to it? Open it.What happens as a result? Creates a tempest.4. Who destroys the whole fleet except for Odysseus’ ship? Cannibals.5. Who lives on Aeaea? Circe. What happens to Odysseus’ remaining crew? Turned to swine. How does Odysseus avoid their fate? Hears from a cowardly sailor. Who tells Odysseus how to save himself? Hermes. What eventually happens to the crew? Eaten.6. How is Odysseus told to get to the entrance to Hades? Breach Persephone’s ship.Whom is he supposed to consult? Teiresias. What is Odysseus supposed to do to make him come? Pit of sheep blood.7. To whose island is Odysseus to go next? Sirens.Who lives there, and why are they harmful? Sirens and their voices lead to sailors death.To avoid these people, what does Odysseus order the crew to do to themselves and himself? Wax in sailor’s ears while he is chained to a post.8. At the Island of the Sun, what are Odysseus and his crew not to do? Slay oxen.What does the crew do, and what happens to them? Slay and eat oxen and killed.9. What do the King of the Phaeacians and the chiefs give Odysseus before he leaves the island? Gifts and a ship.10. Where does Odysseus wake up? Ithaca. Who is disguised as a shepherd? Athena.As what does Athena disguise Odysseus? Beggar.11. Where does Telemachus go before going back to his house? Swineherd. Whom does he find there? Odysseus. What does Odysseus tell Telemachus to hide? Weapons of war.12. Who is Argos, and what does he do after he recognizes Odysseus? His dog, who dies.13. What does Odysseus tell Penelope when she calls for him? He met Odysseus.14. What two challenges does Penelope give the suitors? String and shoot a bow.Who completes the challenges? Odysseus.15. After the fight, whom does Odysseus spare? Priest’s bard.16. How does Odysseus finally prove himself to Penelope? A dance.
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